Cardiac Laser
What is Cardiac Laser?
The two main types of cardiac laser procedures are:
- Transmyocardial Laser Revascularization (TMR)
This procedure uses a laser to create tiny channels in the heart muscle. The channels are about 1 mm wide, or about the size of the head of a pin. The surgeon makes the channels when the heart is in systole (pumping blood), because that is when the heart's walls are the thickest and the least likely to be damaged. - Percutaneous Transmyocardial Laser Revascularization (PTMR)
This procedure uses a catheter-guided laser to create tiny channels in the heart muscle. The catheter is inserted into a blood vessel in the leg and then threaded up to the heart. The laser is then used to create the channels.
Risks and Benefits of Cardiac Laser Procedures
Cardiac laser procedures are a viable treatment option for some patients with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) and angina. Like any medical procedure, cardiac laser interventions have their own risks and benefits. It is crucial for patients to heed the guidance of their cardiologists and carefully weigh these factors to determine if cardiac laser is right for them.
Benefits of Cardiac Laser Procedures
- Minimally invasive
Cardiac laser procedures are less invasive than traditional open-heart surgery, which means smaller incisions, reduced trauma to the body, and quicker recovery times for patients. - Improved eligibility
For patients who are not suitable candidates for other treatments, such as Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery, cardiac laser procedures can offer a viable alternative to alleviate symptoms and enhance heart function. - Angina symptom relief
Cardiac laser procedures have shown to significantly improve symptoms of angina, including chest pain and shortness of breath, leading to a better quality of life for patients.
Risks may include but are not limited to:
- Bleeding and infection
- Arrhythmia
- Heart attack
- Procedure success
What to Expect Before, During, and After Cardiac Laser
Before cardiac laser, you may undergo diagnostic tests, such as an electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiogram, or cardiac catheterization, to assess the extent of your heart condition and determine if it is the appropriate treatment.
During the procedure, which is typically performed under general anesthesia, your cardiovascular surgeon will make small incisions in your chest to access your heart. Using specialized instruments, tiny channels will be created in the heart muscle with the laser. Throughout the procedure, a team of cardiovascular specialists will closely monitor your vital signs, heart rhythm, and oxygen levels to ensure your safety and comfort.
After the procedure, you will be moved to a recovery area to be closely monitored while the anesthesia wears off. Depending on the complexity of the procedure and your individual condition, you may stay in the hospital for a short period for further observation. Regular follow-up appointments will be scheduled to monitor your progress, assess the success of the intervention, and address any concerns or questions you may have. Here are some additional things to keep in mind after a cardiac laser procedure:
- You may experience some chest pain or discomfort. This is normal and should subside within a few days.
- You may have some bruising or swelling around the incision sites. This is also normal and should go away within a few weeks.
- You may feel tired or fatigued for a few days. This is normal and will improve with time.
- You may need to adjust your medications. Talk to your doctor about any changes in your medication regimen.
- You may need to make lifestyle changes. This may include eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and managing stress.
Am I a Candidate for Cardiac Laser?
Cardiac laser can be used to treat a variety of heart conditions, including angina. However, not everyone is a candidate for cardiac laser. Determining whether you are a candidate for cardiac laser involves a comprehensive evaluation by your cardiologist or cardiovascular surgeon. Some of the factors that your cardiovascular specialist will consider when determining if this procedure is right for you include:
- Your age
Cardiac laser is generally not recommended for people who are over the age of 75. - Your overall health
Your doctor will need to assess your overall health to determine if you are a good candidate for cardiac laser. If you have other health conditions, such as diabetes or high blood pressure, your doctor will need to consider how these conditions may affect your ability to undergo the procedure. - The severity of your heart condition
Cardiac laser is most effective for people who have mild to moderate angina. If you have severe angina, your doctor may recommend other treatments, such as coronary artery bypass graft surgery. - Your willingness to comply with the post-procedure recovery plan
Cardiac laser is a minimally invasive procedure, but it does require some recovery time. You will need to be willing to rest and take it easy for a few days after the procedure. If you are not willing to comply with the post-procedure recovery plan, cardiac laser may not be the right treatment for you.